BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of screening for lung cancer (LC) in smokers on a population level, as distinct from the special circumstances that may apply in a randomized trial of selected volunteers, has not been thoroughly investigated. Here we evaluate by the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) indicator the impact of a chest X-ray (CXR) screening programme carried out at community level on LC mortality in smokers. METHODS: All smokers of >10 pack-years, of both genders, ages 45-75 years, resident in 50 communities of the Province of Varese, Italy, screening-eligible, in 1997 were invited by their National Health Service (NHS) general practitioner physicians to a nonrandomized programme of five annual CXR screenings. The entire invitation-to-screen cohort (n=5815 subjects) received NHS usual care, with the addition of CXR exams in volunteer participants (21% of invitees), and was observed through December 2006. To overcome participants' selection bias of LC mortality assessment, for the entire invitation-to-screen cohort we estimated the LC-specific SMR, based on the local reference population receiving the NHS usual care. RESULTS: Over the 8-year period 1999-2006, a total of 172 cumulative LC deaths were observed in the invitation-to-screen cohort; 210 were expected based on the reference population. Each year in the invited cohort the observed LC deaths were fewer than expected. The cumulative LC SMR was 0.82 (95%CI, 0.67-0.99; p=0.048), suggesting that LC mortality was reduced by 18% with CXR screening. CONCLUSION: Implementation of a CXR screening programme at community level was associated with a significant reduction of LC mortality in smokers.

Assessment of lung cancer mortality reduction after chest X-ray screening in smokers: A population-based cohort study in Varese, Italy

DOMINIONI, LORENZO;ROTOLO, NICOLA;SESSA, FAUSTO;IMPERATORI, ANDREA SELENITO
2013-01-01

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of screening for lung cancer (LC) in smokers on a population level, as distinct from the special circumstances that may apply in a randomized trial of selected volunteers, has not been thoroughly investigated. Here we evaluate by the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) indicator the impact of a chest X-ray (CXR) screening programme carried out at community level on LC mortality in smokers. METHODS: All smokers of >10 pack-years, of both genders, ages 45-75 years, resident in 50 communities of the Province of Varese, Italy, screening-eligible, in 1997 were invited by their National Health Service (NHS) general practitioner physicians to a nonrandomized programme of five annual CXR screenings. The entire invitation-to-screen cohort (n=5815 subjects) received NHS usual care, with the addition of CXR exams in volunteer participants (21% of invitees), and was observed through December 2006. To overcome participants' selection bias of LC mortality assessment, for the entire invitation-to-screen cohort we estimated the LC-specific SMR, based on the local reference population receiving the NHS usual care. RESULTS: Over the 8-year period 1999-2006, a total of 172 cumulative LC deaths were observed in the invitation-to-screen cohort; 210 were expected based on the reference population. Each year in the invited cohort the observed LC deaths were fewer than expected. The cumulative LC SMR was 0.82 (95%CI, 0.67-0.99; p=0.048), suggesting that LC mortality was reduced by 18% with CXR screening. CONCLUSION: Implementation of a CXR screening programme at community level was associated with a significant reduction of LC mortality in smokers.
2013
Lung cancer; Mortality; Smoking; Cohort study; Chest X-ray screening; Population-based
Dominioni, Lorenzo; Poli, A.; Mantovani, W.; Pisani, S.; Rotolo, Nicola; Paolucci, M.; Sessa, Fausto; Conti, V.; D'Ambrosio, V.; Paddeu, A.; Imperator...espandi
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11383/1808916
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