Recommendations for management of cancer-related venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients already receiving anticoagulant therapy are based on low-quality evidence. This international registry sought to provide more information on outcomes after a breakthrough VTE in relation to anticoagulation strategies. Methods: Patients with cancer and VTE despite anticoagulant therapy were reported to the registry. Data on treatments, VTE events, major bleeding, residual thrombosis symptoms and death were collected for the following 3 months. Breakthrough VTE and subsequent recurrences were objectively verified. Outcomes with different treatment strategies were compared with Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: We registered 212 patients with breakthrough VTE. Of those, 59% had adenocarcinoma and 73% had known metastases. At the time of the breakthrough event, 70% were on low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and 27% on a vitamin K antagonist (VKA); 70% had a therapeutic or supratherapeutic dose. After breakthrough the regimen was: unchanged therapeutic dose in 33%, dose increased in 31%, switched to another drug in 24%; and other management in 11%. During the following 3 months 11% had another VTE, 8% had major bleeding and 27% died. Of the survivors, 74% had residual thrombosis symptoms. Additional VTE recurrence was less common with LMWH than with a VKA (hazard ratio [HR], 0.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.11-0.70) but similar with unchanged or increased anticoagulant intensity (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.45-2.63). The bleeding rate did not increase significantly with dose escalation. Conclusion: Morbidity and mortality are high after recurrence of cancer-related VTE despite anticoagulation. Further treatment appears to be more effective with LMWH than with a VKA.

Recurrent venous thromboembolism in anticoagulated patients with cancer: Management and short-term prognosis

AGENO, WALTER
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
2015-01-01

Abstract

Recommendations for management of cancer-related venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients already receiving anticoagulant therapy are based on low-quality evidence. This international registry sought to provide more information on outcomes after a breakthrough VTE in relation to anticoagulation strategies. Methods: Patients with cancer and VTE despite anticoagulant therapy were reported to the registry. Data on treatments, VTE events, major bleeding, residual thrombosis symptoms and death were collected for the following 3 months. Breakthrough VTE and subsequent recurrences were objectively verified. Outcomes with different treatment strategies were compared with Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: We registered 212 patients with breakthrough VTE. Of those, 59% had adenocarcinoma and 73% had known metastases. At the time of the breakthrough event, 70% were on low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and 27% on a vitamin K antagonist (VKA); 70% had a therapeutic or supratherapeutic dose. After breakthrough the regimen was: unchanged therapeutic dose in 33%, dose increased in 31%, switched to another drug in 24%; and other management in 11%. During the following 3 months 11% had another VTE, 8% had major bleeding and 27% died. Of the survivors, 74% had residual thrombosis symptoms. Additional VTE recurrence was less common with LMWH than with a VKA (hazard ratio [HR], 0.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.11-0.70) but similar with unchanged or increased anticoagulant intensity (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.45-2.63). The bleeding rate did not increase significantly with dose escalation. Conclusion: Morbidity and mortality are high after recurrence of cancer-related VTE despite anticoagulation. Further treatment appears to be more effective with LMWH than with a VKA.
2015
www.blackwellpublishing.com/jth/
Bleeding; Cancer; Low-molecular-weight heparin; Venous thromboembolism; Warfarin; Aged; Anticoagulants; Chi-Square Distribution; Drug Substitution; Female; Hemorrhage; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Proportional Hazards Models; Prospective Studies; Recurrence; Registries; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Venous Thromboembolism; Vitamin K; Warfarin; Hematology
Schulman, S.; Zondag, M.; Linkins, L.; Pasca, S.; Cheung, Y. W.; de Sancho, M.; Gallus, A.; Lecumberri, R.; Molnar, S.; Ageno, Walter; Le Gal, G.; Fal...espandi
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11383/2052056
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