Il bene comune della sicurezza collettiva tra politica criminale e diritto penale.

Contemporary society is pervaded by a growing request of security, but such need often derives from risk situations that are not real, but only perceived by the community; an important role is played by the media that increas the sense of collective insecurity, constantly broadcasting news on crimes. In light of the above, the government is working to protect the citizen personal safety from the newly perceived causes of risk, seeking new sources of legitimacy. The most used instrument is the Criminal Law: the introduction of new incriminating cases and tightening sanctioning treatments are often the means by which the legal system proposes to resolve emergency situations, to protect the safety of citizens and, therefore, to gain the consent of the members of the community. However, the use of such instrument led some authors to question the re-educational scope of the punishment, determining problems regarding the of the equality and non-discrimination fundamental principles. The research aims to stimulate an analysis regarding the nature of the collective sense of security, in order to formulate a juxtaposition of the common concept. This study can lead to significant applicative consequences, such as the change in the perspective and in the enhancement of the collective security management, with specific focus on the means of restorative justice. The prospected solution is the active participation of the individual in the construction of its social reintegration project, which must also involve the victims and the community. This kind of intervention unequivocally contributes to strengthen the collective sense of security, both from an objective and a subjective point of view.