"La decisione dell'essere. Causalità della follia e statuto politico del soggetto psicotico."

The decision of being. Hypothesis for a new reading of the causality of madness Unfathomable decision of being may seem a too philosophical statement to give a pertinent answer to the question of the causality of madness. Lacan himself uses it only once, in a technical script, the Discourse on Psychic Causation (1946), aimed at demolishing an approach, organodynamics, carried out by his colleague Henry Ey, who ran the risk of placing psychoses on the same level as neurological disorders. The purpose of the present research is to examine in depth the oxymoronic character of this proposition in order to attempt and to theoretically surround the question of madness and, in particular, the question of the question about its causes; a matter which in fact is not yet at all clarified or pacified. It is not from the theoretical point of view, neither from the clinical nor from the institutional one It is therefore intentional to privilege the theoretical field to the detriment of the clinical and experimental field; there will be many clinical omissions, as well as those inherent in other psychoanalytic approaches. It is not in fact a review of all the theories concerning psychotic causality elaborated by the various psychoanalytic or psychological currents; nor of an innovative proposal concerning the treatment of psychotic subjects within the realities that host them. But, if philosophy is true philosophy, it is meaningful only when it reflects on factual and contingent needs, so it will read the texts and clinical accounts of psychoanalysis and specifically of the Lacanian one, in order to elaborate a current and innovative thought. In addition to the classic modalities of theoretical research (first of all the bibliographic analysis and theoretical reflection), the instrument adopted for the development of the present research, which is currently in full swing, is the curating of a collective volume, entitled The unfathomable decision to be - Philosophy's response to the causality of madness and the political status of the psychotic subject, where selected professors and psychoanalysts, from all over Italy, can question themselves on the subject matter, in order to actualize it, confirm it, deny it or overcome it; the aim is not in fact to bring a univocal view of the problem, but rather to theoretically push the issue up to the point of unraveling more possible implications, remaining within the philosophical framework. Together, the research will rely on the thought of philosophers like Nietzsche, Sartre, Jean-Claude Milner or more eclectic figures like Gregory Bateson, in order to show how psychic and physical are not two opposing sides, and therefore define the peculiarity of psychotic unleashing as a neurotransmitter deficit or as a consequence of the family environment, for example, does not exhaust the question. The results to date, also in the light of the contributions received, show with increasing insistence that a Manichaean distinction between psychic and organic causality does not always make sense and that the two areas complement each other rather than carrying out parallel answers. In conclusion the purpose of the present research will be to insist on the fact that to investigate the causality of madness philosophically is a way to give political status to a subject, since it belongs to a social context; but, at the same time, look at the ethical aspect of this statute, considering that every subject, within a society, is necessarily linked to the Other