Introduction: Currently,non-pathogenic bacteria, suchas Gram-positive microorganisms,have been discov-ered as the causative agents of chronic bacte-rial prostatitis (CBP) and non-culturable organisms on standardmedia but detectable using molecular techniques, have beenimplicated in chronic prostatitis syndromes. In this paper, weinvestigate the incidence and the nature of uncommon organismsfound in cultured material from CBP patients.Materials and methods: We have reviewed bacterial isolatesfrom urine, prostatic secretions, urethral smear, and total ejaculatefrom confirmed CBP cases from March 2008 to March 2021.Most of these (472) were assessed from Meares–Stamey’s “fourglass” and Nickels’ “two glass” tests (358 and 114, respectively).Urethral smear and total ejaculate samples from subjects witha history of epididymitis and concomitant urethritis (32 and 94,respectively) were additionally evaluated.Results: The majority of the five hundred and seventy-eightcultures developed bacterial isolates from common pathogens.In a small number of cases (41/7.09%), were found unusualpathogens (namely, Morganella morganii, Acinetobacter bau-mannii, Streptococcus species (mitis oralis, milleri, parasan-guinis, salivarius, and anginosus), Haemophilus parainfluenzae,Raoultella planticola, Klebsiella oxyto-ca, Serratia marcescens,Brevundimonas diminuta, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseu-domonas oryzihabitans, Gemella morbillorum, Citrobacterfreundii, Citrobacter koseri, and Oligella urethralis). In almosthalf of these cases (20/41), the pathogens were found inpolymicrobial isolates.Conclusion: Unusual organisms and rare bacteria are iden-tified more frequently in current studies than in the past. Thereason for this epidemiological shift is virtually unknown; how-ever, these “rare” pathogens may represent temporal trends inbacterial colonization of the prostate due to in-creasing bacte-rial resistance worldwide.
Rare Bacteria and Uncommon Organismsin Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis
Gianpaolo Perletti;
2025-01-01
Abstract
Introduction: Currently,non-pathogenic bacteria, suchas Gram-positive microorganisms,have been discov-ered as the causative agents of chronic bacte-rial prostatitis (CBP) and non-culturable organisms on standardmedia but detectable using molecular techniques, have beenimplicated in chronic prostatitis syndromes. In this paper, weinvestigate the incidence and the nature of uncommon organismsfound in cultured material from CBP patients.Materials and methods: We have reviewed bacterial isolatesfrom urine, prostatic secretions, urethral smear, and total ejaculatefrom confirmed CBP cases from March 2008 to March 2021.Most of these (472) were assessed from Meares–Stamey’s “fourglass” and Nickels’ “two glass” tests (358 and 114, respectively).Urethral smear and total ejaculate samples from subjects witha history of epididymitis and concomitant urethritis (32 and 94,respectively) were additionally evaluated.Results: The majority of the five hundred and seventy-eightcultures developed bacterial isolates from common pathogens.In a small number of cases (41/7.09%), were found unusualpathogens (namely, Morganella morganii, Acinetobacter bau-mannii, Streptococcus species (mitis oralis, milleri, parasan-guinis, salivarius, and anginosus), Haemophilus parainfluenzae,Raoultella planticola, Klebsiella oxyto-ca, Serratia marcescens,Brevundimonas diminuta, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseu-domonas oryzihabitans, Gemella morbillorum, Citrobacterfreundii, Citrobacter koseri, and Oligella urethralis). In almosthalf of these cases (20/41), the pathogens were found inpolymicrobial isolates.Conclusion: Unusual organisms and rare bacteria are iden-tified more frequently in current studies than in the past. Thereason for this epidemiological shift is virtually unknown; how-ever, these “rare” pathogens may represent temporal trends inbacterial colonization of the prostate due to in-creasing bacte-rial resistance worldwide.
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