Tumori che insorgono dopo il trapianto di rene: studio di popolazione

One of the main causes of post-transplant-associated morbidity and mortality is cancer.The aims of the project were to study the neoplastic risk within the kidney transplant population andidentify the determinants of this risk. A cohort of 462 renal transplant patients from 2010 to 2020was considered. The expected incidence rates of post-transplant cancer development in thereferenced population, the standardized incidence ratios (SIR) taking the Italian population as acomparison, and the absolute risk and the attributable fraction were extrapolated from these cohortsof patients. Kidney transplant recipients had an overall cancer risk of approximately three times thatof the local population (SIR 2.8). A significantly increased number of cases were observed for Kaposi’ssarcoma (KS) (SIR 195) and hematological cancers (SIR 6.8). In the first 3 years post-transplant, therisk to develop either KS or hematological cancers was four times higher than in the following years; inall cases of KS, the diagnosis was within 2 years from the transplant. Post-transplantimmunosuppression represents the cause of 99% of cases of KS and 85% of cases of lymphomas, whileonly 39% is represented by solid tumors. Data related to the incidence, the percentages attributableto post-transplant immunosuppression, and the time of onset of neoplasms, particularly for KS andhematological tumors could help improve the management for the follow-up in these patients