The present work aims to analyse the transformation of environmental administrative law in light of the paradigm of ecosystem services and the progressive affirmation of consensual governance instruments, with particular attention to Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES). The objective is to show how the scientific and institutional developments that led to the recognition of the value of ecological processes have profoundly reshaped the way in which public administration conceives and protects the environment: no longer as a mere “object to be safeguarded”, but as a functional public asset to be managed dynamically through policies capable of ensuring the continuity of the benefits that ecosystems provide to society. The first three chapters outline a coherent trajectory: from the recognition of ecosystem services as a parameter of the public interest, to the search for cooperative administrative tools, up to mechanisms of payment and shared responsibility between public and private actors. In this perspective, PES do not represent a commodification of the environment, but rather a means of transparently internalising the value of common goods, steering both the market and public administration towards sustainability. The thesis argues that the protection of ecosystems requires an ecological public administration, grounded in scientific knowledge, measurement tools, participation, and shared responsibility. The aim is not to replace binding regulation, but to complement it with agreements, incentives and partnerships that make the protection of ecosystem services effective and translate Article 9 of the Constitution into concrete policies. The fourth chapter constitutes the applied section of the work, through a case study that demonstrates how consensual instruments can effectively regulate ecosystem services. The Campo dei Fiori–Ticino Ecological Network Contract makes it possible to link theory (common goods, ecosystem services, PES, consensual tools) with an actual practice of ecological administration. The case analysed functions as an experimental laboratory for environmental administrative law: it shows that consensual instruments are not merely residual alternatives to the authoritative model, but may instead constitute the structural pillars of a new paradigm of environmental governance, capable of combining efficiency, democratic legitimacy and sustainability. The future challenge will be to consolidate these experiences, transforming them from innovative practices into widespread models capable of structurally guiding the management of ecosystem services across different territorial contexts.
Il presente lavoro si propone di analizzare la trasformazione del diritto amministrativo ambientale alla luce del paradigma dei servizi ecosistemici e della progressiva affermazione di strumenti consensuali di governance, con particolare attenzione ai pagamenti per i servizi ecosistemici (PES). L’obiettivo è mostrare come l’evoluzione scientifica e istituzionale che ha condotto a riconoscere il valore dei processi ecologici abbia inciso profondamente sul modo in cui l’amministrazione pubblica concepisce e tutela l’ambiente: non più come mera “cosa da proteggere”, ma come bene-funzione da gestire in modo dinamico, attraverso politiche capaci di garantire la continuità dei benefici che gli ecosistemi assicurano alla collettività. I primi tre capitoli delineano un percorso coerente: dal riconoscimento dei servizi ecosistemici come parametro dell’interesse pubblico, alla ricerca di strumenti amministrativi cooperativi, fino ai meccanismi di pagamento e responsabilità condivisa tra pubblico e privato. In questa prospettiva, i PES non rappresentano una mercificazione dell’ambiente, ma un modo per internalizzare in modo trasparente il valore dei beni comuni, orientando il mercato e l’amministrazione verso la sostenibilità. La tesi sostiene che la tutela degli ecosistemi richieda una pubblica amministrazione ecologica, fondata su conoscenza scientifica, strumenti di misurazione, partecipazione e responsabilità diffusa. L’obiettivo non è sostituire la regolazione vincolante, ma completarla con accordi, incentivi e partnership che rendano effettiva la protezione dei servizi ecosistemici e traducano l’art. 9 Cost. in politiche concrete. Il quarto capitolo costituisce il momento applicativo, attraverso un case study che mostra come gli strumenti consensuali possano concretamente regolamentare i servizi ecosistemici. Il contratto di rete ecologica Campo dei Fiori – Ticino consente di legare la teoria (beni comuni, servizi ecosistemici, PES, strumenti consensuali) a una prassi concreta di amministrazione ecologica. Il caso esaminato si pone come laboratorio sperimentale per il diritto amministrativo ambientale: esso dimostra che gli strumenti consensuali non sono solo alternative residuali al modello autoritativo, ma possono costituire architravi portanti di un nuovo paradigma di governo dell’ambiente, capace di coniugare efficienza, legittimazione democratica e sostenibilità. La sfida futura sarà quella di consolidare tali esperienze, trasformandole da pratiche innovative a modelli diffusi, in grado di orientare stabilmente la gestione dei servizi ecosistemici nei diversi contesti territoriali.
Servizi ecosistemici e amministrazione consensuale: verso nuovi modelli giuridici e applicazioni territoriali / Claudia Serra , 2026 Jul 23. 38. ciclo, Anno Accademico 2024/2025.
Servizi ecosistemici e amministrazione consensuale: verso nuovi modelli giuridici e applicazioni territoriali
SERRA, CLAUDIA
2026-07-23
Abstract
The present work aims to analyse the transformation of environmental administrative law in light of the paradigm of ecosystem services and the progressive affirmation of consensual governance instruments, with particular attention to Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES). The objective is to show how the scientific and institutional developments that led to the recognition of the value of ecological processes have profoundly reshaped the way in which public administration conceives and protects the environment: no longer as a mere “object to be safeguarded”, but as a functional public asset to be managed dynamically through policies capable of ensuring the continuity of the benefits that ecosystems provide to society. The first three chapters outline a coherent trajectory: from the recognition of ecosystem services as a parameter of the public interest, to the search for cooperative administrative tools, up to mechanisms of payment and shared responsibility between public and private actors. In this perspective, PES do not represent a commodification of the environment, but rather a means of transparently internalising the value of common goods, steering both the market and public administration towards sustainability. The thesis argues that the protection of ecosystems requires an ecological public administration, grounded in scientific knowledge, measurement tools, participation, and shared responsibility. The aim is not to replace binding regulation, but to complement it with agreements, incentives and partnerships that make the protection of ecosystem services effective and translate Article 9 of the Constitution into concrete policies. The fourth chapter constitutes the applied section of the work, through a case study that demonstrates how consensual instruments can effectively regulate ecosystem services. The Campo dei Fiori–Ticino Ecological Network Contract makes it possible to link theory (common goods, ecosystem services, PES, consensual tools) with an actual practice of ecological administration. The case analysed functions as an experimental laboratory for environmental administrative law: it shows that consensual instruments are not merely residual alternatives to the authoritative model, but may instead constitute the structural pillars of a new paradigm of environmental governance, capable of combining efficiency, democratic legitimacy and sustainability. The future challenge will be to consolidate these experiences, transforming them from innovative practices into widespread models capable of structurally guiding the management of ecosystem services across different territorial contexts.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi_dottorato_Serra_contratto_di_rete.pdf
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Descrizione: Servizi ecosistemici e amministrazione consensuale: verso nuovi modelli giuridici e applicazioni territoriali
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Tesi di dottorato
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