Purpose: This prospective study explores high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in relation to dietary patterns at two time points in European children. Methods: Out of the baseline sample of the IDEFICS study (n = 16,228), 4020 children, aged 2â9 years at baseline, with available hs-CRP levels and valid data from a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at baseline (T0) and 2 years later (T1) were included. K-means clustering algorithm based on the similarities between relative food consumption frequencies of the FFQ was applied. hs-CRP was dichotomized according to sex-specific cutoff points. Multilevel logistic regression was performed to assess the relationship between dietary patterns and hs-CRP adjusting for covariates. Results: Three consistent dietary patterns were found at T0 and T1: âanimal protein and refined carbohydrateâ, âsweet and processedâ and âhealthyâ. Children allocated to the âproteinâ and âsweet and processedâ clusters at both time points had significantly higher odds of being in the highest category of hs-CRP (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.03â2.09 for âanimal protein and refined carbohydrateâ and OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.08â1.92 for âsweet and processedâ) compared to the âhealthyâ cluster. The odds remained significantly higher for the âsweet and processedâ pattern (OR 1.39; 95% CI 1.05â1.84) when covariates were included. Conclusions: A dietary pattern characterized by frequent consumption of sugar and processed products and infrequent consumption of vegetables and fruits over time was independently related with inflammation in European children. Efforts to improve the quality of the diet in childhood may prevent future diseases related with chronic inflammation.
Prospective associations between dietary patterns and high sensitivity C-reactive protein in European children: the IDEFICS study
Iacoviello, Licia;
2017-01-01
Abstract
Purpose: This prospective study explores high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in relation to dietary patterns at two time points in European children. Methods: Out of the baseline sample of the IDEFICS study (n = 16,228), 4020 children, aged 2â9 years at baseline, with available hs-CRP levels and valid data from a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at baseline (T0) and 2 years later (T1) were included. K-means clustering algorithm based on the similarities between relative food consumption frequencies of the FFQ was applied. hs-CRP was dichotomized according to sex-specific cutoff points. Multilevel logistic regression was performed to assess the relationship between dietary patterns and hs-CRP adjusting for covariates. Results: Three consistent dietary patterns were found at T0 and T1: âanimal protein and refined carbohydrateâ, âsweet and processedâ and âhealthyâ. Children allocated to the âproteinâ and âsweet and processedâ clusters at both time points had significantly higher odds of being in the highest category of hs-CRP (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.03â2.09 for âanimal protein and refined carbohydrateâ and OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.08â1.92 for âsweet and processedâ) compared to the âhealthyâ cluster. The odds remained significantly higher for the âsweet and processedâ pattern (OR 1.39; 95% CI 1.05â1.84) when covariates were included. Conclusions: A dietary pattern characterized by frequent consumption of sugar and processed products and infrequent consumption of vegetables and fruits over time was independently related with inflammation in European children. Efforts to improve the quality of the diet in childhood may prevent future diseases related with chronic inflammation.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.