Occupational exposure to noise and mechanical vibration is a significant health and safety problem in many work environments. Prolonged exposure can cause several adverse health effects, including hearing loss, disorders affecting the lumbar spine (vibrations transmitted to the whole body) and neurological, vascular and musculoskeletal disorders affecting the upper limbs (vibrations transmitted to the hand-arm system). This study aims to investigate occupational exposure to noise and mechanical vibration through two case studies, relating to scenarios in different sectors (car body shop and construction company). For the exposure assessment, phonometric and vibrometric measurements were carried out in different operating scenarios, using a sound level meter and two vibration analysers, respectively. Exposure levels were compared to the action and exposure limit values established by Italian occupational health and safety legislation (Legislative Decree 81/2008). The results showed high risk levels for exposure to vibrations transmitted to the hand-arm system in both case studies, particularly during the use of tools such as grinders, drills and demolition hammers. As regards noise risk levels, the levels associated with these tools are equally high. Based on the findings, the study makes recommendations to improve risk management and protection strategies, including the use of low-emission equipment, the adoption of organisational and procedural measures, and the pro-vision of information and training to workers.

L’esposizione occupazionale a rumore e vibrazioni meccaniche rappresenta un rilevante problema di salute e sicurezza in molti ambienti di lavoro. Un’esposizione prolungata può causare diversi effetti avversi sulla salute, tra cui perdita dell’udito, disturbi a carico del tratto lombare del rachide (vibrazioni trasmesse al corpo intero) e di carattere neurologico, vascolare e muscoloscheletrico a carico degli arti superiori (vibrazioni trasmesse al sistema mano-braccio). Il presente studio si propone di indagare l’esposizione occupazionale a rumore e vibrazioni meccaniche attraverso due casi studio, relativi a scenari in diversi settori (carrozzeria e impresa edile). Per la valutazione dell’esposizione sono state effettuate misurazioni fonometriche e vibrometriche in differenti scenari operativi, utilizzando rispettivamente un fonometro e due analizzatori di vibrazioni. I livelli di esposizione sono stati confrontati con i valori di azione e limite stabiliti dalla normativa italiana in materia di salute e sicurezza sul lavoro (D.Lgs. 81/2008). I risultati hanno evidenziato livelli di rischio alti per l’esposizione a vibrazioni trasmesse al sistema mano-braccio in entrambi i casi studio, in particolare durante l’uso di utensili come smerigliatrici, trapani e martelli demolitori. Per quanto riguarda i livelli di rischio da rumore, i livelli associati a questi ultimi utensili sono ugualmente alti. Sulla base delle evidenze raccolte, lo studio formula raccomandazioni per migliorare la gestione del rischio e le strategie di protezione, tra cui l’impiego di attrezzature a basse emissioni, l’adozione di misure organizzative e procedurali, nonché la fornitura di informazioni e formazione ai lavoratori.

Assessment of Worker Exposure to Noise and Vibrations in a Car Body Shop and a Construction Site

Del Vecchio RL;Spinazzè A
;
Cavallo D
2025-01-01

Abstract

Occupational exposure to noise and mechanical vibration is a significant health and safety problem in many work environments. Prolonged exposure can cause several adverse health effects, including hearing loss, disorders affecting the lumbar spine (vibrations transmitted to the whole body) and neurological, vascular and musculoskeletal disorders affecting the upper limbs (vibrations transmitted to the hand-arm system). This study aims to investigate occupational exposure to noise and mechanical vibration through two case studies, relating to scenarios in different sectors (car body shop and construction company). For the exposure assessment, phonometric and vibrometric measurements were carried out in different operating scenarios, using a sound level meter and two vibration analysers, respectively. Exposure levels were compared to the action and exposure limit values established by Italian occupational health and safety legislation (Legislative Decree 81/2008). The results showed high risk levels for exposure to vibrations transmitted to the hand-arm system in both case studies, particularly during the use of tools such as grinders, drills and demolition hammers. As regards noise risk levels, the levels associated with these tools are equally high. Based on the findings, the study makes recommendations to improve risk management and protection strategies, including the use of low-emission equipment, the adoption of organisational and procedural measures, and the pro-vision of information and training to workers.
2025
2025
https://www.ijoehy.it/index.php/latestarticles/it/article/view/579
Risk assessment; Occupational health; Occupational safety; Phonometric measurements; Vibrometric measurements = Valutazione del rischio; Salute occupazionale; Sicurezza sul lavoro; Misurazioni fonometriche; Misurazioni vibrometriche
Gelardi, A; Bisco, A; Borghi, F; Del Vecchio, Rocco Loris; Spinazzè, A; Cavallo, D
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11383/2201171
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